This species has a wide distribution across the Palearctic and Nearctic, excluding the northernmost latitudes. It is absent only from deforested habitats such as tundra, steppes, and semi-deserts (Keller et al., 2020; BirdLife International, 2024). In our region, it is found throughout the peninsula, always linked to forested areas. It is not present on the islands, nor in Ceuta and Melilla. It occurs in mountainous areas, fragmented landscapes, and open habitats with scattered pine forests, holm oak forests, forest islands, or riparian woodlands (SEO/BirdLife, 2022).

In Madrid, it breeds throughout much of the community, except in the deforested patches of the southern half. It is common in all forested areas at the piedmont, Monte de El Pardo in the center, and in pine or deciduous forests elsewhere in the region (Díaz et al., 1994; 1996).

Observations within the national park are scarce due to the high altitude of most forested areas, appearing more frequently in the northeastern part. It is dispersed across mid-slope forested areas or lower zones of the park, with the highest abundance in the northeastern area of Lozoya and Navarredonda-San Mamés, where there are extensive beech and mixed thermophilic forests.